Flame vs Water Cremation for People: What Australians Need to Know
In Australia, as more people consider how they wish to be farewelled, cremation continues to be the most popular choice. With growing awareness of environmental issues and personal values playing a greater role in end-of-life planning, Australians now have two distinct cremation options to consider: traditional flame cremation and the newer, more sustainable water cremation, also known as aquamation or alkaline hydrolysis.
This article provides a clear comparison between these two methods, helping individuals and families make informed decisions that align with their wishes and beliefs. We’ll also explore the importance of memorialisation and how keeping a loved one’s memory alive through urns, plaques, and keepsakes can support the grieving process.
Traditional Flame Cremation in Australia
Flame cremation has been the standard cremation method in Australia for decades. The deceased is placed in a high-temperature chamber and incinerated using intense heat, usually generated by gas burners. After around 90 minutes to two hours, what remains are bone fragments, which are then processed into a fine ash and returned to the family.
Availability and popularity: Flame cremation is widely available across metropolitan and regional Australia. Nearly all funeral homes offer this service, and it currently accounts for more than 70% of all dispositions in Australia. It is seen as efficient, straightforward, and is often included as part of a funeral home’s standard packages.
Cost: On average, flame cremation tends to be more affordable than burial and typically ranges from $2,500 to $5,000, depending on location, inclusions, and whether a formal service is held. Direct cremation (without a funeral) is often at the lower end of the spectrum.
Environmental impact: While flame cremation is widely used, it does come with environmental drawbacks. Each cremation can emit between 160 to 200 kilograms of CO₂ into the atmosphere. This includes energy consumption, gas emissions, and potential release of mercury from dental fillings. As climate consciousness increases, many Australians are exploring more sustainable aftercare options.
Water Cremation (Aquamation) for Humans in Australia
Water cremation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis or aquamation, is a modern, environmentally-friendly alternative that is gradually becoming more available across Australia. It uses a combination of water, heat, and an alkaline solution to gently accelerate the body’s natural decomposition. This process takes several hours and results in the same outcome as flame cremation – bone fragments that are processed into ash and returned to the family.
A gentle, eco-conscious process: Aquamation mimics what occurs naturally when a body is buried, but in a controlled, accelerated, and flameless way. There is no fire or smoke, and the method is often described as gentler and more respectful by those who choose it. The remains are a soft, white ash that families can keep, scatter, or inter, just as they would with traditional cremation ashes.
Environmental benefits: One of the biggest appeals of water cremation is its eco-friendly credentials. Compared to flame cremation, aquamation:
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Uses 90% less energy
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Emits no direct greenhouse gases
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Produces no harmful emissions (like mercury)
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Uses only biodegradable materials
This makes water cremation a preferred choice for individuals who prioritise sustainability and wish for a low-impact farewell.
Availability in Australia: Although still new, water cremation is gaining traction in Australia. South Australia was the first state to legalise the process for humans in 2020, with other states such as New South Wales and Victoria gradually recognising and regulating it. A small but growing number of Australian funeral providers now offer aquamation. As awareness and demand rise, it is expected that more regions will embrace this alternative.
Cost: Water cremation is currently priced slightly higher than flame cremation, generally ranging from $3,500 to $6,000, depending on the provider and services chosen. The price is expected to come down as the infrastructure becomes more widespread and economies of scale are achieved.
Choosing What’s Right for You or a Loved One
Choosing between flame and water cremation depends on personal preferences, values, and practical considerations. Some individuals prefer the familiarity and accessibility of flame cremation, while others appreciate the environmental benefits and gentleness of aquamation.
Here are a few key questions to help guide the decision:
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Do you value environmental sustainability?
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Is cost an important factor?
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Are there religious or cultural considerations?
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How soon do you want the ashes returned?
Regardless of the method, both flame and water cremation offer respectful and meaningful ways to say goodbye, and both return ashes that can be memorialised.
The Importance of Memorialisation
No matter which cremation option you choose, memorialising your loved one plays a crucial role in the grieving and healing process. Having a dedicated space, object, or keepsake helps honour their life and provides a source of comfort over time.
At Talking Stones, we understand how deeply personal remembrance is. We are Australia’s leading manufacturer of memorial products, including:
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Cremation urns for ashes (ceramic, timber, stone, biodegradable options)
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Outdoor memorial plaques and garden tributes
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Keepsake jewellery
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Headstone photo plaques and ceramic portraits
We believe in creating meaningful tributes that reflect your loved one’s spirit and values. Whether you choose to keep the ashes close, scatter them in a meaningful location, or create a dedicated space in your home or garden, we’re here to support you in crafting a lasting legacy.
Let Us Help You Find a Cremation Provider
Talking Stones works with some of the most trusted cremation and funeral providers across Australia, including those offering both flame and water cremation services. We’re often asked by families for advice on choosing the right cremation provider, and we are happy to help.
Contact us if you’d like assistance connecting with a reputable, professional cremation provider in your area. We’ll point you toward options that reflect your values and budget – and help you honour your loved one in a way that’s personal, respectful, and enduring.
